Radical New Hydrokinetic River/Tidal Technology Overcoming "Betz Limit"

 

Clean and Continous Renewable Energy - No Dams!

The Global Climate Changes
Clean, renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, ocean wave and tides or river streams have become particularly relevant and the subject of growing research and development as fossil fuel alternatives. Increased awareness of global climate change due to harmful greenhouse gas emissions, harmful hazardous wastes from coal and nuclear energy, as well as the desire to move away from dependency on the depleting reserves of fossil fuels makes clean renewable energy sources economically and environmentally attractive, if not imperative.

However, some of these renewable energy resources are not globally available with equal or dependable energy densities. Different geographic locations and changing climate conditions make clean energy sources inconsistent or unpredictable. Moreover, their energy densities vary substantially. For example, solar energy is about 0.15-1 kW/m2 with the higher value near the equator; wind energy is about 0.2-1.0 kW/ m2 ocean waves are about 10-50 kW/m; and open stream water flows can provide from 0.5-20 kW/ m2 for an annual average water stream velocity range of 1.0 to 3.5 m/s).

Predictable Renewable Energy Sources
River stream energy is more predictable than wind energy or solar power. Tides are driven by predictable and regular gravitational forces between the sun, moon and earth, whereas wind and solar power are governed by solar radiation and the interaction of atmosphere, ocean, topology and earth rotation, which often result in heterogeneous and unpredictable distribution. Natural river systems and man made canal systems operate on the gradient between the precipitation site and the ocean, which normally exceeds the required value to maintain the nominal flow regime and results in soil erosion. It is this excess kinetic energy that can be gainfully employed with extra side benefits, such as soil retention or recovery.

Tidal energy varies with combined solar-lunar cycles in a cyclic fashion with four cycles per day with predictable phase shifts of about 50 minutes. The magnitude of tidal energy depends upon the strength of the tide, which is determined by the changing positions of the moon and sun, the effects of the earth's rotation, and the local shape of the sea floor and coastlines. In particular, it is known that a current flowing against the swell increases the wave height, whereas the wave height is attenuated when both phenomena are in the same direction. Seasonal variations and geographic tidal location also need to be taken into account. Although tidal energy on a given site can be predicted if the local tidal streams are known, the tidal basin shape and other factors influence tidal energy and can be important design considerations. The attractive zones for tidal energy systems are in areas with fast currents where natural flows are concentrated in restricted coastal configurations, like at the entrances to bays and rivers, around rocky points and capes, between islands, and in limited or shallow water depth areas. The combination of these factors results in a complex dynamic that must be considered in locating and designing a tidal powered energy system.

River streams, especially those fed by rains and melting glaciers are also a plentiful and predictable energy resource. The magnitude of river stream energy depends upon the river's velocity and volume, the former determined by the gradient and the roughness and shape of the channel, and the latter determined by the size of the drainage basin, vegetation, climate, and permeability of the underlying rocks. The combination of these factors results in a complex dynamic that must be considered in locating and designing a river stream powered energy system.

Water has a much higher density than air (832 times), so a single tidal or river stream generator can provide significant power at low tidal or river flow velocities as compared to wind currents. Moreover, because of the smaller value of kinematic viscosity of water (almost 1:20), compared to air, small size blades that operate at high Reynolds numbers result in a significantly improved aero (hydro )dynamic performance in water as compared to air. A wind machine designed to operate at similar Reynolds numbers would require blades 10 times bigger in chord in order to be effective at low speeds

More about water turbines operate in low moving water see  at: www.tonchev.org/newhydrokinetic.html

For new invented zero head jet/vortex power plants see at: www.tonchev.org/implosion.html

See below a hydrokinetic power barge with under water tapered helical axial flow turbines

Radical New Hydrokinetic Technology overcoming "Betz Limit"
The new power plant generates electricity while his turbines directly submerged below the ocean surfaces or river currents and waterfalls eliminating the need of a dam or water reservoirs and related pressured water pipes.

Significant power can be generated when many of the devices are clustered together in line (as a farm) forming a group of generating units. Each device will ultimately be hooked with a metal chain or flexible cable in stable position, buoyed beneath the water's surface and/or permanently fixed in a location. Because ocean and river water surface altitude level always changes, the buoyed object must have a moving space for the device, up and down with the moving water.

The new invented (patent pending) hydro power plant and respective technology relates to a novel hydrokinetic (tidal or river or canal) energy conversion system (HKECS), which exploits the use of excess energy in river/canal streams to generate electricity or to power mechanical loads such as water pumping.

Zero head water turbine designs in the prior art are adopted from existing wind turbine technology and are naturally similar to the designs of wind turbines: propeller-type horizontal axis wind turbine ("HAWT"), or vertical axis wind turbines ("VAWT"). Conventional energy conversion devices for both water flow and wind resources have well known aerodynamic (or hydrodynamic) energy extraction limits based on a classical 1-D model (a radius dimensions only), the so-called "Betz Limit" of 16/27 (59.3%), and have their peak performance, indicated by the value of coefficient of power Cp, at relatively high values of tip speed ratio (5-8). As such, the variation in rotor speeds will be very large and the cut-out speeds low, as limited by absolute tip speeds.

Wind turbines scaled easy up to megawatt classes thanks to increasing their rotor radius. When the radius is increasing by factor 2 the turbine power increasing by factor of 4.

This “wind technology”approach is difficult to apply in river beds because of the limitation of the water dept. That is why new invented hydrokinetic technology is based on 3-D rotors of the hydrokinetic turbines.

We are exploiting multistage under water turbines formed by 3D jet rotors. Each 3D rotor exceeds Betz Limit significantly. New invented 3D JET rotor is a unique device for exploitation of wind / river / canal / tidal current resources, including in low moving water. The most natural common water flow is low speed water currents - about 1 m/s and less. Our 3D diagonal blades JET rotors and spiral shaped rotors best performed at low speed currents. We have completed a very successful set of model-scale tests in and these tests have proven the hydrodynamic – air dynamic efficiency of the turbine designed for low wind/water speeds.

See more at: Synergy of Jet and Implosion Technology in Action

Basic Types of New Invented Hydrokinetic Turbines
Initial proposals for hydrokinetic generation used turbine blades that were able to rotate under pressure from the flow of water. However, such systems were often only able to operate efficiently when flow speed is faster. In the low moving water known hydrokinetic devices have not been economically viable.

To increase the performance of hydrokinetic turbine in low speed water flow we have invented and developed tapered jet blade design. The radical new jet blade design based on the jet channels formed at blade periphery. Jet stream outlet from the blade periphery creates an additional jet force in accordance to third Newton’s Principal.

The jet stream plays two roles:
First one is to increase rotor speed and second one – to prevent tip blade inductive energy loses. That is why the overall rotor power performance is increased over the Betz limit.

In our hydrokinetic projects we are applying tapered hydro jet blades of the each turbine stage.

Instead of popular 1-D rotors our projects include 3-D rotors turbine design. Two basic types divide our3-D turbines: spiral (helical) extended tapered jet blades around turbine shaft and diagonal tapered jet scoops. All turbines are multistage axial flow turbine both under pontoon design: horizontal and inclined turbine shafts.

The above turbine designs have been developed for low to moderate water flow. For low speed water flow the diagonal type 3-D jet turbine rotors are favorable. For medium to fast flow speed the diagonal type 3-D jet turbine rotors better performed.

The turbines can be placed approximately 0.20-0.40 meters below the water's surface and a reasonable distance from shore. The pontoon’s anchors would be set first and turbine unites attaché in a stable position facing the water current flow. As soon as the unit enters the moving water it will begin generating electricity. From the shore, an operator can command this unit to have highest efficiency position.
 

You can see at: www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4ZV4NSWHwk&feature=channel_video_title Transverse horizontal axis hydro kinetic jet turbine. The incoming water passes through the open center and it gets out at the back. The turbine hollow scoops are forming the jet channel, which is in the periphery of the turbine. The jet stream induces the additional rotational jet force.

A new invented vortex jet turbine. The vertical axis of the turbine is coaxial with the vertical vortex axis. It is a savonius type turbine with hollow blades. Each blade forms an accelerating hydro-jet stream. In the opposite direction of the jet stream, a jet force is formed in the periphery of the rotor. The jet force increases the rotational rate of the rotor.

See video at:  www.youtube.com/watch?v=QyyDaBqdyU4&feature=channel_video_title

Ecological Impacts
The generation of electricity by hydrokinetic devices does not produce harmful air emissions, like the greenhouse gases linked to global warming.

The effects of bottom-moored devices on the habitats of benthic animals and plants, like oysters, clams and sea grass; the potential for fish strike or impingement on a device; and whether a full-scale array of devices could create significant noise, hinder the movement or migration of aquatic animals, or even alter hydrologic and sediment regimes.

However, independent studies indicate that these impacts are likely to be minimal where exploit our new HKECS because low speed rotation of the turbines. Because it is totally oil free our new HKECS not producing any air and water pollutions.

At next videos you can see the difference in water operation between non jets augmented shaft less turbine with modified scoops and the same, but by a ROTOJET machine design.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uodx12Kr8vU 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wkUzk5vyko

New invented ROTOJET turbines rotate smoother, create less around rotor and wake turbulence and perform much better in the comparison with non jet augmented turbines.

The jet mode of a vertical wind/hydro kinetic blade operation shown at:

http://www.youtube.com/user/miscbeep#p/u/2/l7MoQbsRSPY

3D rotor of an Axial Flow Hydro (Wind) Kinetic Turbine  for Low Water Speed Applications

We have developed  a method for the design of a low r.p.m water turbine designed for an operating point about 1 m/s free water flow and less. The low flow speed also means that this design process is also suitable for the hydraulic design of stationary river and tidal generators. Several turbine prototypes  have been manufactured and successfully tested with a hydraulic efficiency from 20 to 80 % in depend on design and flow speed. We have demonstrated that the power that can be extracted by a free flow 3D rotor of an Axial Flow Wind Hydro Kinetic Turbine is higher than the "Betz limit" which restricts the total extractable power for an unconfined turbine such as a 2D rotor of a wind turbine. The Betz analysis is widely applied to the free flow water streams, but it underestimates the power because 3D rotor extracts much more power from free flow in comparison with well known 2D rotors.

Localized interactions between devices are of great importance in determining the collective energy yield of a system of turbines (hydro-kinetic parks), as wake effects can significantly reduce total energy yield. We are developing vortex wake modeling techniques to simulate and investigate turbine interaction effects. The results show that the turbine efficiency is affecting on both speeds crossing turbine flow speed and around turbine flow water speed.

3D rotor is a unique device for exploitation of wind / river / canal / tidal current resources. We have completed a very successful set of model-scale tests in and these tests have proven the hydrodynamic – aero dynamic efficiency of the turbine.

See on pictures below an application of diagonal - flow 3d JET rotor of a hybrid Hydrokinetic - Solar PV power barge:

See a video of diagonal - flow 3d JET rotor of a hybrid Hydrokinetic - Solar PV power barge

See on pictures below an application of an axial - flow 3d JET rotor of a hybrid Hydrokinetic - Solar PV power barge:

See a video of an axial- flow 3d JET rotor of a hybrid Hydrokinetic - Solar PV power barge

 

Capacity factor	Effective hours in opereation per year *	Percentage
Conventional Hydro Power Plants	about  2 100	about 24 %
Hydrokinetic River Pontoon Power Barge	about  8 000	about 91%

* In accordance with Bulgarian statistic 2010

Jet Turbine Used In A Water Vortex Power Plant
A lot of people believe that we need more innovation and more development before being able to produce clean energy. This is not true. The vortex power plant integrates a jet turbine in a little river, producing electricity on a cheap basis and in a very clean way.

To build a conventional water vortex power plant in a river, the land must have a downward slope (water head) of at least 0.7 meters. In addition, you have to construct a spatial canal and respectively a vortex basin with a canal water outlet.

Our new technology is based on an artificial water head, by creating a down going force, caused by pressure difference between the upper and the lower chamber of the newly invented water vortex promoter. It is a relatively simple facility-fixed direct in-river bed, with slow moving water. It can also be used on a floating structure (e.g. pontoon).

With new technology we can produce much cleaner energy and be much more sustainable.

 

Tornado wind turbine (HAWT) with 3D rotor

New Designed 3D  horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) for Ultra Low Cut-in Wind Speed. You see on the display of wind speed meter (anemometer)that the wind speed as low as 0.7 m/s when turbine generates voltage - see the multimeter. We often see people post questions on forums, where they are looking for a wind turbine "with a low cut-in wind speed". Typically the cut-in wind speed is the wind speed where the turbine starts turning. For most wind turbines it is around 2.5 - 3.5 m/s (5.5 - 8 mph), New designed 3D rotor of shown HAWT starts rotation at 0.5 m/s. It a Down wind turbine which is much more robust in the comparison of the most popular up-wind turbines.

See more at: http://tonchev.org/urbanwinden.html

 

Up-Front Hub Wind Speed Distributor of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

Up-Front open center Hub Wind Speed Distributor of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine increases low wind Speed that increases rotational speed and efficiency of the turbine generator at low and turbulent wind. The general availability and reliability of wind speed data is extremely poor in many parts of the world. Large area of the world have wind speed in intermediate range (3 to 4.5 m/s) where wind power may or may not be an alternative
option. It is necessary to concentrate on the design and development of Low RPM, High Torque Small wind generator which starts operating at much lower values of Cut-in wind speed and continues to operate through a substantial portion of the year. This will also be of great importance for those areas of the world where annual mean wind speed is low (less than 3 m/s)

Our new invented Up-Front Hub Flow Speed Distributor operates efficient at low flow speed of both air and water stream.

See more at http://www.tonchev.org/urbanwinden.html

Hub Wind Speed Accelerator	Open Center Hub Wind Speed Distributor	Open Hub Wind Speed Distributor

See a video at :  www.youtube.com/user/miscbeep#p/u/1/gRm3wDKAjmU

See a test comparison of up-front turbine arrangement at : www.youtube.com/watch?v=CA1GqW1HJL4&feature=channel_video_title

 

New Invented Vortex Power Plant

The patented prototype (not to scale) of Energized Vortex Basin  (EVB) is a facility designed to accelerate natural water vortex by flowing water as slow as 1m/s which is much less than that required for turbines and water mills. The new invented hydro kinetic system has other advantages as it does not require water head, waves or tides. The income water flow passing trough inlet  apertures and energized natural vortex of EVB. At the bottom part of the EVB creates low water pressure by increasing of water speed passing outlet apertures in accordance to Bernoulli principle (e.g. by Coanda Effect). This way an artificial water head is creating to continuously support the vortex in  EVB. The vortex kinetic energy is harnessing by a vertical JET turbine in the vortex center, blade less Tesla turbine or many other rotating machines. EVB is a basic facility of vortex power plant that operates in slow moving water. 

The EVB turbines produce up to several times more energy than tidal turbines with same volume of moving water. The high EVB turbine productivity is based on both natural water vortex circulation and increasing of kinetic water vortex energy by natural implosion.

See video of new invented Energized Vortex Basin  (EVB) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bg58-yFbFCc&feature=channel_video_title

Simplified conceptual model. See more at Tonchev.org/videohydrokinetic.html

 

Paddle Propulsion JET Wheels of a river boat operating as a anchored hydro kinetic power barge

See a video at : www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6r3G2wDFoo&feature=channel_video_title

Electric paddle JET propulsion wheel boats do not require messy fuel or complicated maintenance.
Thanks to the new ROTOJET design of each paddle blade a jet stream is formed behind the blade and a jet rotational force increase paddle efficiency by rotation as boat propulsion device. Our Electric paddle boats already have the motor/generator built-in wheel hubs.
Since electric paddle boats are battery powered they are non-polluting and quiet. Solar PV modules on the boat roof are required for on boat battery charging. A paddle wheels power barge with battery and super capacitors is a part of a smart power grid as well.

The advantages of an electric powered boat are many. An electric boat is quiet, environmentally sound, it encourages conversation and provides a smooth relaxing environment. In most cases the slap of the water against the hull is the prevalent sound. The absence of other appreciable sound is surprising to most people. Sailors especially appreciate the quiet motion of the electric motor propelled boat. Electric boats are also less expensive to operate and maintain in many cases.

As gas and diesel prices continue to rise and there is a greater appreciation for green living, I see exciting times ahead for electric boating.

The rental and ride opportunities have increased dramatically as has the range of boats available on the market. The market choices were once confined to essentially an expensive launch or or small fishing boat with a trolling motor. The choices now include many lower cost options, a great choice of hull type and some very large boats as well. Several large sailing catamarans are now available with auxiliary electric drive including hybrid drives. Large catamarans are especially good regeneration candidates due to their higher speed potential. There has been a rapid rise in the number of solar assisted electric boats available as stock models and as one off boats (mostly in Europe and Australia). This site will introduce you to some of the many types of electric boats now available for purchase, rental and boat rides.

Behind all of this market activity has been a great deal of technological change. Larger permanent magnet brushless motors and their sophisticated controllers have entered the electric boat market and have already boosted e boat performance dramatically in terms of efficiency, simplicity (generally direct drive) and the ability to regenerate electicity (a decided advantage where an electric motor provides auxiliary power for a large sailboat). Some high tech battery types are getting close to the point of making economic sense. Nickle metal hydride batteries have already been used in some marine applications. The AGM (absorbed glass mat) type of lead acid battery is becomming very popular with electric boaters. Fully engineered hybrid systems are now available for small boats and this area is expected to expand. Solar power has proven itself as a charging source and range extender in many commercial and private boats.

Owing to the mentioned above, the JET rotors (propeller or non-propeller) of both hydrokinetic turbines and boat proposition systems are about two and more times more efficient in comparison to the conventional rotors. Such JET turbines are described in the patent descriptions BG110 251/2008 and BG 110 340/2009

ROTOJET turbine designs generally increase both TSR and self starting ability that is very important in tidal operation. But TSR is non linear depending on the water/air speed. The speed of the wind, tidal stream is varying in very broad range. To find the best design of the Jet turbine in tidal stream have to now range of water speed changing, water density and water temperature changing. But much more important is the frequency distribution of the water/wind speed per day / year.

We have demonstrated that the power that can be extracted by a free flow Jet / Lift / Drag ROTOJET Hydro-Kinetic Turbine is significantly higher than the "Betz limit" which restricts the total extractable power for an unconfined turbine such as a wind turbine. The Betz analysis is widely applied to the free flow water streams, but it underestimates the turbine power output. The  Betz  limit not related to the JET assisted wind / hydrokinetic  turbines.

Above description relates single turbine only. The calculations of group of ROTOJET turbine (hydro-kinetic / wind farm) are more complicated.

First ever ROTOJET. Jet / Lift / Drag turbine is the most economical feasible solution of dam less hydropower. And for wind applications as well. The ROTOJET design is very low cost in both manufacturing and operation. See below a basic comparison of different types of wind/hydrokinetic turbines:

Turbine Types	Drag	Lift	Drag - Lift	JET - Lift	JET - Drag	JET - Lift - Drag
	Conventional Wind / Hydro-kinetic Turbines			New Invented  ROTOJET  Wind / Hydro-kinetic Turbines
Advantages	Easy start, high torque	Good efficiency at high fluid speed	Very good torque	Good torque, very good efficiency at high fluid speed	Easy start, good torque,	Easy start, very good torque, very good efficiency at high fluid speed
Disadvantages	Low efficiency at high fluid speed	Low torque, impossible self start at low fluid speed	Moderate efficiency at high fluid speed	Moderate efficiency at high fluid speed	Low  to moderate efficiency at high fluid speed	Moderate torque at low fluid speed
Self start ability	Yes	No	Yes	Yes, at moderate to high speed flow	Yes	Yes

See the related demo video by clicking of each green link in the table above. Take an overlook of the description of each video.

See a new patented JET augmented vertical axis cross flow JET - Drag turbine of Savonius type at www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMhw5cAk9Ps&feature=channel.

See a new patented  JET - Lift - Drag  Transverse Horizontal Axis Water Turbine (THAWT) at: www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_tc5E8bAb4

See a Test Measurements of a JET-Lift  Blade Axial Flow Turbine in Operation at www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0QMqvg3rFw

See at  www.youtube.com/watch#!v=-PX0wGi3Oag&feature=channel Wind-Hydro Kinetic Tidal/River/Canal Power Barge with Vertical Axis JET Mono- directional Rotating Turbines in Omnidirectional Water/Wind Flow. Wind/Hydro-kinetic power plant with JET blades on vertical shafts (cross flow turbines)based on a floating anchored pontoon structure. Patented JET turbines formed by hollow blades with elliptic-like cross-section. The blades with side inlet aperture and outlet nozzles at blade trailing edge. It is a radical new patented blade design (ROTOJET) that increases flow-to-power efficiency significantly and helps to increase turbine performance at low and moderate flow speeds and in turbulent flow as well. Easy starting turbines. Patent pending. Integrated oil less power train with a common electric alternator.

Hydrokinetic power refers to the generation of electricity from moving water without impoundments or diversionary structures that are typically used at conventional hydropower facilities. New invented technology operates in open rivers, channels, tidal areas and oceans. It is a new high efficient standard of conversions of water kinetic energy to usable power thank to number of patented radical new technical solutions based on JET augmented turbine rotors. The invented JET hydrokinetic power plants designs include both horizontal and vertical JET turbines. It is basically surface-suspended systems, is also deployable downstream from existing hydropower facilities, which allows for new, environmentally- friendly power generation within the existing project footprint.

As far as the hydro-kinetic turbines have full continuity with the wind turbines then they have also their advantages and disadvantages.
I will not make a list of priorities and shortcomings but will only point the principal disadvantage in applying of the identical approaches to the wind turbines and airplane propellers and respectively to the hydro-kinetic turbines and water propellers:

The principal difference between the fluid propeller motors and the fluid propeller turbines is in their function. The propeller motors have the task to create traction. Their rotation is what creates their traction and it is not an aim but a mean. And as far as there are losses of energy during the rotation then they are parasitic according to the main function – the traction. In each case the losses from rotation are unavoidable.

The mission of propeller turbines in the mass case is to rotate for turning the electro-generator. It means that the rotation is the aim and not the mean as it is at the propeller engines. During their rotation the turbines are subjected to the dynamic thrust of the flow which is unfavorable from energetic point of view. This axial thrust is in a sense analogical to the traction at the propeller motors. But for the turbines it is parasitic from energetic point of view and from mechanical-constructive standpoint it destroys them and is also undesired.

The working Principe of the JET fluid turbines is radically new. The JET propeller turbines rotate by analogical reason causing the rotation of the non-reactive propeller turbines. The propellers of JET turbines rotate by reason of the difference of the flow pressure before and after their blades. But this difference around the outlines and especially at the periphery of their blades is almost zero, because the fluid with enhanced pressure freely passes to the back side of the blade, where the pressure is lower which ultimately leads to losses of energy. This is the first main disadvantage of the propeller turbines. The second one is that the axial stress of the fluid over their rotors is parasitic and does not contribute to their rotation but only loads them mechanically.

See a video comparison in operation of a patented axial flow JET turbine vs. conventional propeller turbine at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghp-7MqUyhs

Wind-Solar Power Plants

Hydrokinetic - Wind Power Barges

Plus Energy Buildings

Hybrid Zero Head Jet Turbines

See the related video of patented (BG patents) eco-cars by clicking of each link in the table above. Take an overlook of the description of each video.

You can see how operates a 9 JET turbine module of dam Less Hydro Power Farm at very low water speed at  www.youtube.com/watch#!v=Nqe5DCZ4SRk&feature=channel . The Hydro Kinetic River module with common oil less over water drive train includes 3 stage RPM increaser and a common electric generator. Low cost high reliable patented solution for low cost power generation. The module shown is environmentally friendly and does not impact river life and river eco-systems.

Low cost power generation from free river/canal streams by Pontoon Hydro Kinetic Power Barge/Plant with 15 JET Turbines. The barge is a module of hydro kinetic power farm includes number of interconnected modules with semi submersed axis flow JET turbines. The cost of power generated is about USD 0.04/kWh. The JET turbines are world novelty that increase water-to-power efficiency significantly. The JET turbine is a radical new solution based on low cost well known technology. It is fixed blade variable rpm turbine rotating permanent magnet alternator. see a video at  www.youtube.com/watch#!v=47yepY4Mwzw&feature=channel

The JET turbines solve the main two problems of the conventional propeller turbine rotors by JET peripheral channels of the blades. These channels have two functions:

• The fist one is to obstruct the passing of the fluid with enhanced water pressure to the back side of the blade, where the pressure is lower.

• The second function is acceleration of the fluid current in the tip channel/s to create JET stream. In the opposite direction of the jet  flow appears JET force/torque which considerably supports the rotation. Because of the JET channels big part of the fluid pressure over the rotor is redirected into JET torque and also due to the channels the inductive blade tip losses  are vastly decreased.

Thanks to the additional JET mode of blade rotations new designed turbines can increase the turbine efficiency many times. See  comparisons in operation of JET turbine vs. conventional turbine at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghp-7MqUyhs  and  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWoLchq3EME ). Such JET turbines are presented in the patent descriptions BG110 251/2008 BG, 110 340/2009 and 110 525/2009.

See more here !

For official carbon dioxide reducing patent publications see here

 

Download Patent's Brochures:

Automotive and Solar PV Patents

Wind and Hydro-Kinetic JET Turbines

Patented Intelligent PLUS Energy Buildings

Automated System for Building Air-conditioning and Electric Supply 

 

For official patent publications see here